= Unofficial repository for LP1 tests
Mitsuo
2022-09-09
:source-highlighter: highlight.js

The shortest and most readable code wins!

Contributions are very welcomed and needed, if you want to contribute
please open a Pull Request following the directory structure:

 semester/L#/submitter's name/


== Tips

=== Debugging

Prof. Guanira states it clearly in "Guia de Creacion Ejecucion y
Depuracion.pdf":

image::img/ss_20220916_200135.png[Debugging is essential]

=== Formatting

In my opinion, using
https://cplusplus.com/reference/library/manipulators/[
stream manipulators] and
https://cplusplus.com/reference/ios/ios_base/fmtflags/[
stream format flags] is cumbersome, but the course _requires_ it’s use (using
`printf` is not allowed). So maybe the following macro eases it’s use.

[source,c++]
----
// [aux.h]

/* Stream manipulator macros
 * =========================
 *
 * Requires <iostream> and <iomanip>
 */

// The parenthesis in C/C++ macros are best practice
// https://stackoverflow.com/q/7186504/7498073

// Width-Left (use with strings)
#define WL(w)           " " << setw((w)-1) << left << setprecision(2) << fixed

// Width-Right (use with numbers)
#define WR(w)           setw(w) << right << setprecision(2) << fixed

// Width-Right-0-padding
#define WR0(w, w0, x)   setw((w) - (w0)) << "" \
                        << setw(w0) << right << setfill('0') \
                        << setprecision(2) << fixed << (x) \
                        << setfill(' ')

// Width-Date (dd/mm/yyyy format)
#define WD(w, x)        setw((w) - 10) << "" << WR0(2, 2, (x) % 100) \
                        << '/' << WR0(2, 2, (x) / 100 % 100) \
                        << '/' << WR0(4, 4, (x) / 10000)
----

Example usage:

[source, c++]
----
//[example.cpp]
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include "aux.h"      // easier to import a single .h to any .cpp
#define MAXLEN          100
using namespace std;
typedef struct { 
    int id;
    const char name[MAXLEN];
    double luckynumber;
    int dob;    // date of birth
} student_t;
// dd/mm/yyyy
void printdate(ostream &os, int date) {
    int d = date % 100;
    int mo = date / 100 % 100;
    int y = date / 10000;
    os << " " << WR0(2, 2, d) 
       << '/' << WR0(2, 2, mo)
       << '/' << WR0(4, 4, y);
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) 
{
    student_t students[] = {
        {1, "Ana Ambooken", 69.420, 19990606},
        {2, "Bob Banana", 666.66, 19760411},
        {3, "Carlos Clear", 123.456, 20000101}
    };
    int n = 3;

    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        cout << WR0(8, 4, students[i].id)
             << WL(40) << students[i].name
             << WR(8) << students[i].luckynumber;
        cout << WD(12, students[i].dob);
        cout << '\n';
    }
    return 0;
}

----

Output:

----
    0001 Ana Ambooken                              69.42  06/06/1999
    0002 Bob Banana                               666.66  11/04/1976
    0003 Carlos Clear                             123.46  01/01/2000
----

NOTE: Macros are useful, but don't abuse them. They are hard to debug.